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 Table of Contents

 A glimpse at my biography Eliza Doolittle´s first appearance in London´s society
Educating Rita - a strikingly autobiographical play Lord of the Flies: "The gradual loss of civilization"
Educating Rita - comparison of play and movie Langston Hughes: Poetry on Dreams
The American Dream: An ever-changing notion My formula of a good crime story

A glimpse at my biography

My name is Jin-Young and I am 17 years old. I was born in Berlin but my parents are from South Korea. I have three brothers and sisters. I came to the Gymnasium Steglitz in 1998 into the 10th grade. Before that I went to the Goethe Gymnasium. I was astonished at the good atmosphere in my new class. But I think it is a pity that you have to do A-LEVEL in Latin or ancient Greek at this school. I would prefer mathematics.

In 1997 I started to play basketball and meanwhile I am a basketball coach for young girls at the age of 7 to 10. This coaching is very important for me, because I like working with kids and I learn how to take responsibility. Moreover it is a good change from school.

In my free time I like reading books and meeting my friends. And I am travelling as much as I can afford. I love the city of Berlin, but sometimes I have to get out of the city or I am getting into a very bad mood. On my last journey I went to Crete. I spent six weeks there and it was one of my best experiences I ever made. I am very interested in the Mediterrean languages and cultures. I plan to live in the South of Europe for some months after I finished school. But I do not know yet what I am going to do after that. (Sep 2000)

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Educating Rita - a strikingly autobiographical play

The first striking common thing between the author´s life and "Educating Rita" is the language. Willy Russell was born near Liverpool and Rita speaks the Liverpudlian accent. The author was also born into the working class, because his mother worked in a warehouse and his father in factory. His father wanted to stop working there and bought a chip shop. There is a similar behaviour of Rita, because she wants to break out of her normal life and later on she also starts with a new job. Another common point is that Russell did not care much about school, did not go to any cultural events and watched the TV a lot like the people in Rita´s environment. When Rita comes to the Open University, she enters a totally new world. Everybody else at university is interested in literature and already has some knowledge. But she is not well-grounded in contrast to the others, and when she writes her first essay, her tutor Frank tells her to write a new one and another new one until she manages to write an essay examiners would expect. The author had a similar experience with his metalwork teacher who was not satisfied with Russel´s work until the end of the school year, while the other pupils were already building engines. Both also chose hairdressing as a job to earn some money.

Against all odds they managed to do what they really wanted, which nobody had expected.

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 Educating Rita - comparison of play and movie adaptation

Already right at the beginning there are differences between the film and the play. In the book the only persons who appear are Rita and Frank and we only get to know Julia, Frank´s girlfriend, by a telephonecall, where we do not even "hear" her. The readers can only assume what she is saying, but the replies are easy to guess. In one of the first scenes of the film Julia herself comes to Frank to ask him about dinner. At that time the viewers can also see that Julia and Frank work in the same university, whereas in the book there is no hint of what Frank´s girlfriend is doing except looking after food.

The movie also shows that Julia has an affair with a married man, who is actually a friend of Frank. The character of her lover is not mentioned in the book at all. The audience comes to know Rita´s boyfriend Denny better than in the play, too. He is not only spoken of, in the film he aslo has some important appearances. For example there is one scene in which he changes the house to build a room for a baby. By this acting it is made clear for the viewers, how much Denny wants to become a father. Later on, when Rita and him already have separated, they meet on the street by accident when Denny has a new girlfriend in his arms. It turns out that this woman is already pregnant by him.

The role of Julia´s lover has the purpose of adding some fun to the film, I think, because every time when he and Julia meet, they finally always kiss each other and Frank enters unexpectedly. The lover runs to the next telephone and pretends calling his publisher. During those phone calls he is always argues with his imagined partner about the publishing date of his book. One time when Frank enters his house and recognizes that his so-called friend is phoning his publisher again, he tells him that he could hang up because the telephone is not working. The bill has not been paid so it has been shut down. In that moment Julia tells Frank that she is going to leave him and she admits to have an affair.

In the film you get to know much more about the people in Rita´s and Frank´s environment. But you can realize the change of Rita´s language better by reading the book, because the words she uses are written down.

I think the differences in the film have been made to make the story more interesting because in my opinion the audience of a picture has quite different expectations than a readership.

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Eliza Doolittle´s first appearance in London´s society

left: Audrie Hepburn as Eliza Doolittle

Eliza´s first public appearance in higher society takes place in Mrs. Higgins´s house. It is Mrs. Higgins´s "at-home day". There are Mrs, Miss and Mr Eynsford Hill, Colonel Pickering, Mr and Mrs Higgins and, of course, Eliza. Everybody of them belongs to the higher society except Miss Doolittle and it is a little test to show, if Eliza´s lessons already had some effect.

When Eliza enters she already leaves an impression on these people with her outward appearance. Based on the greetings and introductions the reader can recognize that her speech and grammar have become much better. She speaks as properly as the other people, who have assembled at this at-home day. The readers can also see that she was taught some manners. For example she greets Mrs.Higgins first because she is the hostess and makes sure that she is welcome, because she only has an inofficial invitation. But when they start with some small talk it turns out that she had not learned yet, about which themes you mustn´t speak in the higher class. But the other visitors, who do not know her past, are so impressed by her beauty and her good articulation that they just laugh about her naive behaviour.

The party is talking about cold weather and influenza, which leads to Eliza telling them that she had an aunt, who died of influenza. But the girl had never believed it because of the fact that her aunt had been a strong woman, who could stand a lot with the help of alcohol. Mrs Eynsford Hill is enormously shocked by this story, but her son takes it as a new kind of small talk. Eliza wins the sympathy of those people especially with her frank behaviour, but when it is time to go, all of them turn back to the same politeness they showed at the beginning of the meeting. The result of this test is that the others think that Miss Doolittle is a person, who has the habit to use the "new expressions" very much, which are extremely unladylike in Mrs Eynsford Hill´s view. Miss Clara, her daughter, likes the new small talk and Freddy, her son, finds it very funny.

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Lord of the Flies, Ch. IV: "The gradual loss of civilization"

Piggy and Ralph (film 1963)

The contents of chapter four is how life on the island has developed. The boys have got used to a regular routine during the day with spending their time swimming, playing, eating and sleeping.

But this chapter is also a description of a big change of the atmosphere among the group. The first hints for this change is the outward experience of the children, they are sunburnt and their hair has grown too long. Except Piggy, whose hair has not grown so much yet. It is like a symbol for adults, he is also the only one, who thinks about the consequences of his actions.

The first signs of the change of their behaviour seem to be harmless. The boys do not follow the rules of building huts or collecting water in special places, and the results of not obeying these rules is that they sleep on the ground and drink water directly from the river. These are no disadvantages. But after some time you can recognize a slow development from civilized people to savages. At first some of the smaller children start treating others a little bit violently to find out the circumstances in this group and to find out their own position. But it is getting worse.

The most important rule, keeping a fire going in order to get attention of a passing ship, is broken. And at this moment a ship passes. When the hunters hear this news they get a bad conscience, because they are guilty for the burntdown fire. Especially Jack, the choirleader, reacts very aggressively and lets his anger out against Piggy in a very rude way. At the end he almost treats him like an animal by throwing a piece of meat on the ground in front of Piggy´s nose.

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Dream Deferred

What happens to a dream deferred?

Does it dry up

Like a raisin in the sun?

Or fester like a sore--

And then run?

Does it stink like rotten meat?

Or crust and sugar over--

like a syrupy sweet?

Maybe it just sags

like a heavy load.

Or does it explode?

Langston Hughes

Poetry on Dreams

Lhughes1.jpg (8327 Byte) Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri in 1902. He lived with his grandmother until he was thirteen. He grew up very insecure and he felt rejected by his parents. After the death of his grandmother his mother took him to Illinois and Ohio, where he went to high school. There he started writing his first works of distinction. His writing talent was discovered by some teachers and some of his poems were published in magazines. His father was impressed enough to agree to finance a year in Columbia University, New York. nnnnn
An important period of life began.  At that time there was the Harlem Renaissance, of which Hughes became part of. The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement of black people. Langston Hughes became one of the most popular Afro American writer. He fulfilled his dream to buy a house in Harlem by working very hard. He died in 1967.
 

 

Dreams

Hold fast to dreams

For if dreams die

Life is a broken-winged bird

That cannot fly.

 

Hold fast to dreams

For when dreams go

Life is a barren field

Frozen with snow.

 

The poem "Dream Deferred" by Langston Hughes is about the question, what happens, when a dream will not get fulfilled. The author asks how those dreams look like or even smell like and also where they are going to, when they are moving away from the dreamer.

The writer tries to describe the process of losing a dream. ("Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun?") He uses metaphors, which he formed into questions to point out the extent of this loss. For example he asks, if a dream deferred "does fester like a sore- an then run?". If you remember any sore, first of all you think of pain. Compared to the author`s dream the sore stands for the pain he felt, as he recognized, that his dream was undone, and the run could be seen as the point, when it became clear that the dream is hopeless and that even the idea of it vanished. The writer expresses the sadness and suffering about the outcome of this illusion with those pictures of misery.

I think his idea this poem, which is written in some kind of ironic way, was to look for the answer of the "American Dream" and he wanted to find out, if there is any reality referred to it. But Hughes does not animate the readers to give up their dreams. I have got the impression by putting the poem into questions he wants to tell the message to look for a way to realize every individual dream although reality can be cruel and hard sometimes, and although everything might seem hopeless, not to give up.

The poem "Dreams" is about quite the same theme as "Dream Deferred". The message of the author is not to lose dreams, because life is already hard enough, and you need dreams to stand those hard times of life.

If you compare these two poems, you can see that their contents is similar. But the form, how they are written is different. "Dream Deferred" is written just in questions and "Dreams" is a poem, where the writer mentions his impression of life in every sentence. I got the impression that those poems, must mave been written in two different period of the author´s life. I think "Dream Deferred" was written, when Langston Hughes was young. It sounds as if the writer himself is not sure about dreams (or especially the American Dream), if it is worth to hold on to them, especially in times when they seem quite unrealistic. And compared to "Dream Deferred" "Dreams" is like an answer for these insecure thougths about the importance of dreams. "Dreams" is like a message from an old man, who has many experiences and impressions, to a younger person, who is looking for answers.

 

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The American Dream: An ever-changing Notion

dream3.jpg (13358 Byte)

The American Dream is based on the notion that America has always been the "land of boundless possibilities". When America was discovered, people from all over the world arrived there to begin a new life. During the time, especially when black people were suppressed by the white majority, the idea of the American Dream changed into the fight for equal rights for every human being. After that aim was reached, the meaning of the dream changed into this view of today. Now the American Dream has the motto "from a dishwasher to a millionair". The fundamental thought of this dream still is to have boundless possibilities.

But I think reality is that those people who have this present view of America, are not really suffering of poverty or any other problems like believing in a disrespected religion. They are just looking for luxury and popularity. Most of today´s immigrants are not fleeing from their home countries, because life has been too hard there, they just want more and more property, which is an absolutely normal characteristic of human beings. But they forget the basic idea and sense of the American Dream.

I do not want to condemn the American Dream. My opinion is that dreams are important, because life would be desperate without them. Referring to the American Dream of today, I have got the view that it is natural for mankind to be avaricious, but you should not forget the important things of life and you should be grateful for what you already have. And I know this sounds very boring, but I think it is true that only money does not make you happy.

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